CHAPTER 10

The Pitfalls of Complexity

A shift to a new niche or adaptive zone requires, almost without exception, a change in behavior.1

—Ernst Mayr

Breakthrough is the fundamental change in our paradigm of what is “normal” around here. It comes after our catalog of institutional answers is exhausted by complexity.

 

A Simple System

A gardener pots a seed, which lies dormant in winter, then springs up into a daisy.

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Cause precedes effect.2

 

A Complicated System

A daisy is a simple system. Scaling up to four, or to a field of daisies, complicates this system. It is still seed, soil, water, light, and care—just on a wider stage. Tending a field ...

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