Managing Projects with GNU Make, 3rd Edition

Table of contents

1. Dedication
2. A Note Regarding Supplemental Files
3. Other resources from O’Reilly
4. Foreword
5. Preface
   1. The Road to the Third Edition
   2. What’s New in This Edition
   3. Conventions Used in This Book
   4. Using Code Examples
   5. Comments and Questions
   6. Acknowledgments
6. I. Basic Concepts
   1. 1. How to Write a Simple Makefile
      1. Targets and Prerequisites
      2. Dependency Checking
      3. Minimizing Rebuilds
      4. Invoking make
      5. Basic Makefile Syntax
   2. 2. Rules
      1. Explicit Rules
         1. Wildcards
         2. Phony Targets
         3. Empty Targets
      2. Variables
         1. Automatic Variables
      3. Finding Files with VPATH and vpath
      4. Pattern Rules
         1. The Patterns
         2. Static Pattern Rules
         3. Suffix Rules
      5. The Implicit Rules Database
         1. Working with Implicit Rules
         2. Rule Structure
         3. Implicit Rules for Source Control
         4. A Simple Help Command
      6. Special Targets
      7. Automatic Dependency Generation
      8. Managing Libraries
         1. Creating and Updating Libraries
         2. Using Libraries as Prerequisites
         3. Double-Colon Rules
   3. 3. Variables and Macros
      1. What Variables Are Used For
      2. Variable Types
         1. Other Types of Assignment
      3. Macros
      4. When Variables Are Expanded
      5. Target- and Pattern-Specific Variables
      6. Where Variables Come From
      7. Conditional and include Processing
         1. The include Directive
         2. include and Dependencies
      8. Standard make Variables
   4. 4. Functions
      1. User-Defined Functions
      2. Built-in Functions
         1. String Functions
         2. Important Miscellaneous Functions
         3. Filename Functions
         4. Flow Control
            1. Style note concerning variables and parentheses
         5. Less Important Miscellaneous Functions
      3. Advanced User-Defined Functions
         1. eval and value
         2. Hooking Functions
         3. Passing Parameters
   5. 5. Commands
      1. Parsing Commands
         1. Continuing Long Commands
         2. Command Modifiers
         3. Errors and Interrupts
            1. Deleting and preserving target files
      2. Which Shell to Use
      3. Empty Commands
      4. Command Environment
      5. Evaluating Commands
      6. Command-Line Limits
7. II. Advanced and Specialized Topics
   1. 6. Managing Large Projects
      1. Recursive make
         1. Command-Line Options
         2. Passing Variables
         3. Error Handling
         4. Building Other Targets
         5. Cross-Makefile Dependencies
         6. Avoiding Duplicate Code
      2. Nonrecursive make
      3. Components of Large Systems
         1. Requirements
      4. Filesystem Layout
      5. Automating Builds and Testing
   2. 7. Portable Makefiles
      1. Portability Issues
      2. Cygwin
         1. Line Termination
         2. Filesystem
         3. Program Conflicts
      3. Managing Programs and Files
         1. Source Tree Layout
      4. Working with Nonportable Tools
         1. A Standard Shell
      5. Automake
   3. 8. C and C++
      1. Separating Source and Binary
         1. The Easy Way
         2. The Hard Way
      2. Read-Only Source
      3. Dependency Generation
         1. Tromey’s Way
         2. makedepend Programs
      4. Supporting Multiple Binary Trees
      5. Partial Source Trees
      6. Reference Builds, Libraries, and Installers
   4. 9. Java
      1. Alternatives to make
         1. Ant
         2. IDEs
      2. A Generic Java Makefile
      3. Compiling Java
         1. The Fast Approach: All-in-One Compile
         2. Compiling with Dependencies
         3. Setting CLASSPATH
      4. Managing Jars
      5. Reference Trees and Third-Party Jars
      6. Enterprise JavaBeans
   5. 10. Improving the Performance of make
      1. Benchmarking
      2. Identifying and Handling Bottlenecks
         1. Simple Variables Versus Recursive
         2. Disabling @
         3. Lazy Initialization
      3. Parallel make
      4. Distributed make
   6. 11. Example Makefiles
      1. The Book Makefile
         1. Managing Examples
         2. XML Preprocessing
         3. Generating Output
         4. Validating the Source
      2. The Linux Kernel Makefile
         1. Command-Line Options
         2. Configuration Versus Building
         3. Managing Command Echo
         4. User-Defined Functions
   7. 12. Debugging Makefiles
      1. Debugging Features of make
         1. Command-Line Options
            1. --just-print
            2. --print-data-base
            3. --warn-undefined-variables
         2. The --debug Option
      2. Writing Code for Debugging
         1. Good Coding Practices
         2. Defensive Coding
         3. Debugging Techniques
      3. Common Error Messages
         1. Syntax Errors
            1. missing separator
            2. commands commence before first target
            3. unterminated variable reference
         2. Errors in Command Scripts
         3. No Rule to Make Target
         4. Overriding Commands for Target
8. III. Appendixes
   1. A. Running make
   2. B. The Outer Limits
      1. Data Structures
      2. Arithmetic
   3. C. GNU Free Documentation License—GNU Project—Free Software Foundation (FSF)
      1. 0. Preamble
      2. 1. Applicability and Definitions
      3. 2. Verbatim Copying
      4. 3. Copying in Quantity
      5. 4. Modifications
      6. 5. Combining Documents
      7. 6. Collections of Documents
      8. 7. Aggregation with Independent Works
      9. 8. Translation
      10. 9. Termination
      11. 10. Future Revisions of this License
9. D. About the Author
10. E. O’Reilly®: Managing Projects with GNU Make
11. Index
12. About the Author
13. Colophon
14. Copyright