CHAPTER 7

Trend 3—Machine Learning

Introduction

What Is Machine Learning?

Machine Learning (ML) is a discipline within artificial intelligence (AI) that allows computer systems to learn and improve automatically without being specifically programmed. ML will take structured (such as database records) and unstructured data (such as images and voice recordings) and then analyze it to look for hidden patterns, dependencies, and so on which can then be used to develop predictive or explanatory models. These models can then be used for future decision making. For example, historic traffic records can be assessed to develop models that can be used to manage future traffic flows more effectively.

The growth of ML has been supported by several complementary ...

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