CMOS Analog Integrated Circuits

10

Nyquist Digital-to-Analog Converters

CONTENTS

10.1    Digital-to-analog converter (DAC) architectures

10.1.1    Binary-weighted structure

10.1.2    Thermometer-coded structure

10.1.3    Segmented architecture

10.2    Voltage-scaling DACs

10.2.1    Basic resistor-string DAC

10.2.2    Intermeshed resistor-string DAC

10.2.3    Two-stage resistor-string DAC

10.3    Current-scaling DACs

10.3.1    Binary-weighted resistor DAC

10.3.2    R-2R ladder DAC

10.3.3    Switched-current DAC

10.4    Charge-scaling DAC

10.5    Hybrid DAC

10.6    Configuring a unipolar DAC for the bipolar conversion

10.7    Algorithmic DAC

10.8    Summary

10.9    Circuit design assessment

Digital-to-analog converters (DACs) enable the interfacing of digital systems with ...