Applications of Nanofluid for Heat Transfer Enhancement

2.4. Natural convection in a nanofluid filled concentric annulus between an outer square cylinder and an inner circular cylinder

2.4.1. Problem definition and mathematical model

2.4.1.1. Problem statement

Fig. 2.19 shows the physical geometry considered in this study [13]. This geometry includes a concentric annulus between outer square and inner circular cylinders. The temperatures of inner and outer cylinders are considered T_h and T_c, respectively (T_h > T_c). In this figure γ is measured counterclockwise from the upward vertical plane through the center of outer cylinders and aspect ratio definition is λ = L/2r.

Figure 2.19 Geometry of the problem. ...