Web Design in a Nutshell, 2nd Edition

Appendix F. Character Entities

Characters not found in the normal alphanumeric character set, such as © or &, must be specified in HTML using character entities. Character entities can be defined by name (& name ;) or by numeric value (&# nnn ;).

The first part of this appendix presents the standard HTML character entities. The second part presents newly added entities in the HTML 4.0 specification that are not as well supported.

Standard Character Entities

The following table contains the defined standard, proposed, and several nonstandard, bvut generally supported, character entities for HTML. Not all 256 characters in the ISO character set appear in the table. Missing ones are not recognized by the browser as either named or numeric entities.

Entities for which the version conformance column is blank are part of the HTML 2.0 and later standards and will work with nearly all available browsers. Characters whose version column contains “4.0” are part of the HTML 4.0 specification only. As of this writing, they are supported by versions 4.0 and higher of Netscape Navigator and Internet Explorer. An “N” in the conformance column indicates that the character is a nonstandard entity. Use them with caution as results may vary by platform.

Number	Name	Symbol	Description	Version
				Horizontal tab

			Line feed

			Carriage return
 			Space
!		!	Exclamation point
"	"	"	Quotation mark
#		#	Hash mark