Irrigation plays a major role in increasing agricultural output. There is a distinct trend toward both drier and warmer weather. Rainfall in the context of agriculture has traditionally been discussed in terms of the monsoon (i.e., June to September), but annual precipitation is probably much more relevant now since the dominance of kharif crops has reduced. The water resource potential of the country has been assessed from time to time by different agencies. Since 1954, the estimates have stabilized and are within the proximity of the currently accepted estimate of 1,869 billion cubic meter (bcm), which includes replenishable groundwater that gets charged on an annual basis (GoI 2008). But out of this surface flow, ...
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