4 Design of Ultrasonic Horns for High Power Applications
4.1 INTRODUCTION
In machining, materials forming, sonochemistry, some forms of ultrasonic surgery, and a diverse range of other high-power applications, ultrasonic energy is transferred from the transducer into the medium subjected to treatment through “horns” or transmission lines of various configurations. The amplitude of vibration at the radiating surface depends upon the geometry of the transmission line, its energy losses, and the amplitude of vibration at the driven end. A tapered transmission line produces a displacement amplification; that is, the amplitude of vibration at resonance at the small end is greater than that at the larger end. These tapered elements are ...
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