12.2. BATCH ADSORPTION
Batch adsorption is often used to adsorb solutes from liquid solutions when the quantities treated are small in amount, as in the pharmaceutical or other industries. As with many other processes, an equilibrium relation such as the Freundlich or Langmuir isotherm and a material balance are needed. The initial feed concentration is cF and the final equilibrium concentration is c. Also, the initial concentration of the solute adsorbed on the solid is qF and the final equilibrium value is q. The material balance on the adsorbate is
Equation 12.2-1
where M is the amount of adsorbent, kg; and S is the volume of feed solution, ...
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