Towards 4D Bioprinting

2. Mathematical and computational methods for improving droplet-based bioprinting

Trading bioink strands for droplets boosts printing resolution. Therefore, droplet-based bioprinting (DBB) has attracted much attention as an alternative or complementary technique to EBB. Droplet formation has been investigated to ensure control over bioink dispensing rate and droplet volume and to limit the impact of DBB on the cells present in the bioprinted construct.

2.1. The biological impact of shear stress

A fluid-dynamics model allowed for tuning microvalve-based bioprinting to achieve high resolution without exposing the cells from the bioink to harmful levels of shear stress (Blaeser et al., 2016). The bioprinter shown in Fig. 6.8A generates individual ...