Three Key Success Factors for Transforming Your Business

CHAPTER 2

Change Management in the 21st Century

History

Since human beings are at the center of CM, the development of CM is shaped by the findings of psychology and its reception in an economic context. Psychology itself has only been recognized as a science since the 19th century. In particular, behaviorism, constructivism, human and cognitive psychology have influenced psychology in the economy.

Two representatives are mentioned here prominently, as their influence is still evident today:

• Kurt Lewin (1898–1947) became known through the three “States of Change” and the “force field analysis.” The three change states are: unfreezing, moving, and refreezing. They describe a process where Lewin has undergone all change measures: in the first ...