Theories of Team Cognition

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Team Knowledge: Dimensional Structure and Network Representation

J. Alberto Espinosa and Mark A. Clark

Researchers have described team knowledge in a variety of ways—using more than 20 different terms, according to one count (Cannon-Bowers & Salas, 2001)—and have operationalized its measurement into an overall team knowledge score, whether shared (e.g., through schema similarity; Rentsch & Klimoski, 2001), aggregated as team-level information (e.g., Faraj & Sproull, 2000; Levesque, Wilson, & Wholey, 2001; Lewis, 2003; Mathieu, Goodwin, Heffner, Salas, & Cannon-Bowers, 2000), or distributed across teams (cf. Cooke, Salas, Kiekel, & Bell, 2004). Although this approach has been useful for connecting various aspects of team knowledge content to ...