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FANON, FRANTZ (1925–61) Psychiatrist and anti-colonial activist, born in the French colony of Martinique. Fanon was the author of Black Skin, White Masks (1952) and The Wretched of the Earth (1961), as well as numerous clinical writings on psychiatry.
Black Skin, White Masks deals with the psychology of racism and the dehumanization generated by colonialism. The book's central themes of alienation and dislocation reflect its author's experience as a French-educated Martiniquan and Algerian Nationalist. Fanon argues that the psychological and cultural effects of colonialism on black individuals engender a complex of inferiority. In her or his subsequent desire to be white, the black subject adopts a ‘white mask’. This is a schizophrenic ...
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