9Leadership, absence of leadership and still signs of future leaps
Crises and paradigm shifts
Crises create win sets. Actors are forced together. Forums are energised. The urgency of immediate danger makes what was previously impossible possible. Once a degree of calm is restored a reform phase occurs as those present at the precipice ask how they can ensure there will be no repeat of the just-averted disaster. Mechanisms are designed and policies crafted. This period of intense activism, during which constraints are few and institutional and policy options are wider than normal is relatively brief, but it can be grasped. Eventually thanks to the concerted action of leaders and their technocratic expert community, normality returns and the ...
