The Mentor’s Guide, 2nd Edition

The Mentor’s Guide, 2nd Edition

by Laura Gail Lunsford
Released November 2021
Publisher(s): Routledge
ISBN: 9781000485905

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Book description

A definitive resource that pulls together evidence from psychology, education, and organizational studies, this fully updated second edition translates research into practice and serves as a practical handbook on how to set up, run, and evaluate any mentoring program.

Despite ever-growing interest, there are few helpful resources for program managers and mentoring coordinators. This book sheds needed light on mentoring behaviors, the stages of mentoring, elements of high-quality relationships, and how to recognize and avoid dysfunctional ones. Step-by-step guidance will enable readers to:

  • Understand what mentoring is (and is not)
  • Assess their mentoring program using a clear framework
  • Work through steps to design or redesign an effective mentoring program
  • Draw on real-world examples to assess and improve programs
  • Benefit from all-new material for this second edition, including a chapter on e-mentoring and in-depth case studies, as well as updated information on culturally intelligent mentoring and more

If you manage or support a mentoring program, then this handbook is for you. Human resource professionals across industries will gain ideas on how to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of mentoring, while administrators in higher education will value the content on formal mentorship programs for faculty members, graduate students, and undergraduates.

Table of contents

  1. Cover
  2. Half Title
  3. Title Page
  4. Copyright Page
  5. Dedication
  6. Contents
  7. List of figures
  8. List of tables
  9. List of case studies
  10. About the author
  11. Preface
  12. Acknowledgments
  13. 1 Introduction
    1. A friendly critic
    2. Why focus on program managers?
    3. Formal versus informal
    4. Terminology: “Protégé” versus “mentee”
    5. Purpose
    6. Who should read this book?
    7. How to use this book?
    8. Contents
    9. Key terms
    10. Reflection questions
    11. Resources
    12. References
  14. Part I: Understanding mentoring
  15. 2 Defining mentoring
    1. Introduction
    2. Origin of mentoring
      1. Western tradition from the Greeks
      2. Asian archetypes of mentoring
      3. West African traditions
      4. Native American traditions: The Hopi
      5. Draw on local traditions
      6. Section summary
    3. The mentoring ecosystem
      1. Mentor and protégé characteristics
        1. Shared attitudes and values matter
        2. Motivation and needs
        3. Prior mentoring experiences
        4. Personality traits
      2. Contexts
        1. Case Study 2.1 “Curating” mentoring: Mentoring social entrepreneurs
      3. Outcomes
        1. Categorizing outcomes
        2. Costs and benefits
      4. Section summary
    4. Defining mentoring
      1. People
        1. Avoid trait approaches
        2. Mentoring networks
      2. Processes
        1. Mentoring episodes
        2. Relationship stages
      3. Behaviors
        1. Graduate school settings
        2. Undergraduate settings
        3. Business settings
      4. Section summary
    5. Conclusion
    6. Key terms
    7. Check your learning
    8. Resources
    9. Notes
    10. References
  16. 3 Promoting high-quality mentoring
    1. Introduction
    2. High-quality relationships
      1. Defining a high-quality relationship
      2. The power of positive interactions
      3. Mentoring memes
      4. Avoid dysfunction
        1. Case Study 3.1 Program managers who create learning opportunities
      5. Ethics
        1. Guiding ethical principles
        2. Ethical tensions
      6. Complicating factors
      7. Section summary
    3. High-quality programs
      1. Section summary
    4. Hallmarks of a mentoring culture
      1. Formal characteristics
      2. Informal characteristics
        1. Case Study 3.2 Creating a mentoring culture at Wake Forest University
      3. Fostering sustainability
      4. Section summary
    5. Conclusion
    6. Key terms
    7. Check your learning
    8. Resources
    9. Note
    10. References
  17. Part II: Five steps to build a mentoring program
  18. 4 Step 1: Identify the why
    1. Introduction
    2. Identify goals and outcomes
      1. Case Study 4.2 The power of “why”
      2. “The power of why”
      3. Who to ask?
      4. What is the goal?
      5. Why is this goal important?
      6. How should the program achieve these goals?
      7. How to probe for assumptions
      8. Report and resolve responses
      9. Goals and outcomes
      10. Examples of outcomes
      11. Section summary
    3. A few words on redesign
    4. Conclusion
    5. Key terms
    6. Check your learning
    7. Notes
    8. References
  19. 5 Step 2: Map your theory of change
    1. Program effectiveness
    2. Theories of change
    3. Map your theory of change
      1. Logic model overview
      2. Resources
      3. Activities
      4. Outputs
      5. Outcomes
      6. Impact
      7. Section summary
    4. Tips
      1. Section summary
    5. Key terms
    6. Check your learning
    7. References
  20. 6 Step 3: Recruit and prepare the right participants
    1. Introduction
    2. Recruit the right participants
      1. Required versus voluntary participation
        1. Case Study 6.1 Leadership mentoring for new hires
      2. What to provide
      3. How to recruit
      4. Section summary
    3. Match
      1. Characteristics
      2. Input into the match
        1. Case Study 6.2 Mentoring software to recruit and prepare
      3. Section summary
    4. Prepare participants
      1. What is in a name?
      2. The benefits of briefings
      3. Briefings as eligibility requirements
      4. Who should attend?
      5. What to include?
        1. Program goals and expectations
        2. Principles of good mentoring
          1. Relationship quality
        3. Ethical, policy, and legal obligations
          1. Case Study 6.3 What mentors (and protégés) need to know
        4. Diversity and inclusion
      6. Section summary
    5. Mentorship education
    6. Adult learners
      1. Section summary
    7. Conclusion
    8. Key terms
    9. Check your learning
    10. Resources
    11. References
  21. 7 Step 4: Collect the right data
    1. Introduction
    2. Data-driven decisions
      1. Sunk-cost fallacy
        1. Case Study 7.1 Measuring mentoring activities
      2. The halo effect
      3. The overconfidence bias
      4. Section Summary
    3. What to measure
      1. Resources
      2. People
      3. Processes
      4. Dosage
      5. Section summary
    4. When to measure
      1. Align with the organizational calendar
      2. Timing
      3. Section summary
    5. From whom?
      1. Protégés
      2. Mentors
      3. Stakeholders
      4. Section summary
    6. How to measure
      1. Archival analysis
        1. Case Study 7.2 Mentoring metrics in graduate education
      2. Focus groups
      3. Interviews
      4. Observation
      5. Photographs
      6. Surveys
      7. Comparison groups
      8. Section summary
    7. Use good instruments
      1. How to ask questions: Top ten practices
      2. Section summary
    8. Protect the data
    9. Conclusion
    10. Key terms
    11. Check your learning
    12. Resources
    13. Notes
    14. References
  22. 8 Step 5: Create your success story
    1. Introduction
    2. Why do I need a success story?
      1. Section summary
    3. Create a success story
    4. What and how to improve?
      1. The mentoring ecosystem
      2. The abundance approach
      3. Leverage small wins
        1. Make small, incremental changes
          1. Case Study 8.1 Getting to gold at Elmhurst University
        2. Improvement is iterative
      4. Section summary
    5. Sustain improvement
      1. Institutional policies
      2. Advisory boards
        1. Benefits
        2. Establishing an advisory board
        3. Working with your advisory board
      3. Share successes
      4. Section summary
    6. Conclusion
    7. Key terms
    8. Check your learning
    9. References
  23. Part III: Enriching and strengthening the processes
  24. 9 Support the beginning, middle, and end
    1. Introduction
    2. Stage theory
      1. Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development
        1. Stage V: Identity
        2. Stage VI: Intimacy
        3. Stage VII: Generativity
        4. Stage VIII: Integrity
      2. Section summary
    3. Stages of mentoring relationships
      1. Kram’s four-stage model
      2. Clutterbuck’s five-stage model
      3. Section summary
    4. Beginning: Initiation and goal setting
      1. Initiation
      2. Goal setting
        1. GROW model
        2. SMART goals
      3. The downside of goals
      4. Supporting appropriate goals
      5. Managing difficult starts
      6. Section summary
    5. Middle stage
      1. Section summary
    6. Ending stages
      1. Case Study 9.1 Points or assist? A mentoring playbook
      2. Section summary
    7. Communication preferences
      1. Role-playing exercises: Communicating supportively
    8. Conclusion
    9. Key terms
    10. Check your learning
    11. Resources
    12. References
  25. 10 Promote learning conversations
    1. Introduction
    2. Mindset
      1. Fixed mindset
      2. Growth mindset
        1. Case Study 10.1 Mentoring mindset for student teachers
      3. Section summary
    3. Reflection
      1. Brain systems
      2. Types of dialogue
      3. Approach, action, and reflection framework
      4. After action review
      5. Section summary
    4. Redirection
      1. Section summary
    5. Realization
      1. Initiation: Realization conversations
        1. Best experience
        2. Share realizations
        3. Develop a template
        4. Anticipate
      2. Cultivation: Realization conversations
        1. Best experience
        2. Share realizations
        3. Develop a template
        4. Anticipate
      3. Section summary
    6. Conclusion
    7. Key terms
    8. Check your learning
    9. Resources
    10. References
  26. 11 Welcome diversity and inclusion
    1. Introduction
    2. What is diversity?
      1. Diversity and power
      2. Who defines diversity?
        1. Case Study 11.1 Navigating gender and ethnicity
        2. Case Study 11.2 When diversity matters: Undergraduate research mentoring
      3. Myths
      4. Unknown factors
      5. Section summary
    3. When does inclusion matter?
      1. Access to power and social capital
      2. During initiation
      3. Type of mentoring support
      4. Section summary
    4. Challenges to diverse and inclusive relationships
      1. “Sink or swim” mentoring
      2. Fundamental attribution error
      3. Confirmation bias
      4. Status quo
      5. Section summary
    5. Cultural competence
    6. Conclusion
    7. Key terms
    8. Check your learning
    9. Resources
    10. References
  27. Part IV: Vignettes and trends
  28. 12 Student-alumni–industry mentoring programs
    1. Introduction
    2. Step 1 Identify the why
    3. Step 2 Map your theory of change
      1. PLLC program goals and outcomes
      2. UGA program goals
    4. Step 3 Recruiting and preparing the right participants
    5. Step 4: Collect the right data
    6. Step 5: Success story
    7. Key terms
    8. Check your learning
    9. Resources
    10. References
  29. 13 First-generation student mentoring programs
    1. Introduction
    2. Program goals
    3. Program activities
    4. Participants
    5. Program effectiveness
    6. Resources
    7. Notes
    8. Reference
  30. 14 STEM mentoring programs
    1. Introduction
    2. Approaches
    3. Notes
    4. References
  31. 15 The future of mentoring
    1. Introduction
    2. What we do and don’t know
    3. The limits of mentoring
    4. Future trends
    5. Conclusion
    6. References
  32. Appendix A: A conversation with program designer and director Heidrun Stoeger about Global Talent Mentoring, a long-term online mentoring program for outstanding youths in STEMM
    1. Introduction
    2. Step 1: Identify the why
    3. Step 2: Map your theory of change
    4. Step 3 Recruiting and preparing the right participants
    5. Step 4 Collect the right data
    6. Step 5 Success story
    7. References
  33. Index

Product information

  • Title: The Mentor’s Guide, 2nd Edition
  • Author(s): Laura Gail Lunsford
  • Release date: November 2021
  • Publisher(s): Routledge
  • ISBN: 9781000485905