All garbage collection schemes are based on one of four fundamental approaches: mark-sweep collection, copying collection, mark-compact collection or reference counting. Different collectors may combine these approaches in different ways, for example, by collecting one region of the heap with one method and another part of the heap with a second method. The next four chapters focus on these four basic styles of collection. In Chapter 6 we compare their characteristics.
For now we shall assume that the mutator is running one or more threads, but that there is a single collector thread. All mutator threads are stopped while the collector thread runs. This stop-the-world approach simplifies the construction ...
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