Smart Computing Applications in Crowdfunding

Contents

Foreword

Preface

Acknowledgment

List of Abbreviations

Part I   Introduction

1 Introduction to Smart Computing Approximate Reasoning

1.1 The Necessity of Computing in Practice: A Brief Reminder

1.1.1 Practical Problems Generalization and Classification

1.1.1.1 Learning the Current State of the World

1.1.1.2 Predicting the Future State of the World

1.1.1.3 Controlling the Desirable State of the World

1.1.2 Computational Science and Engineering

1.1.3 Key Concepts

1.1.3.1 Sets

1.1.3.2 Logic

1.1.3.3 Probability Theory

1.1.3.4 Possibility Theory

1.1.3.5 Interval Analysis

1.1.3.6 Category Theory

1.2 The Unavoidability of Uncertainty in Reality: A Quick Retrospection

1.2.1 Fuzziness

1.2.2 Roughness

1.2.3 Indefiniteness

1.2.4 Relations Underlying ...