Programming iOS 11

Chapter 22. Persistent Storage

Your app can save data into files that persist on the device when your app isn’t running and even when the device is powered down. This chapter is about how and where files are saved and retrieved. It also talks about some of the additional ways in which files can be manipulated: for example, apps can define document types in which they specialize and can hand such documents to one another, and can share documents into the cloud (iCloud), so that multiple copies of the same app can retrieve them on different devices.

The chapter also explains how user preferences are maintained in UserDefaults, and describes some specialized file formats and ways of working with their data, such as XML, JSON, SQLite, Core Data, PDF, and images.

The Sandbox

The device’s contents as a whole are not open to your app’s view. Instead, a limited region of the device’s persistent storage is dedicated to your app alone: this is your app’s sandbox. The idea is that every app, seeing only its own sandbox, is hindered from spying or impinging on the files belonging to other apps, and in turn is protected from having its own files spied or impinged on by other apps. Your app’s sandbox is thus a safe place for you to store your data. Your sandbox, and hence your data, will be deleted if the user deletes your app; otherwise, it should reliably persist.

Standard Directories

The preferred way to refer to a file or directory is with a file URL. The other possible way is with a ...