Fixed resistors
A perfect resistor can be defined as a component which obstructs the flow of current equally at all frequencies and which releases heat in accordance with Joule’s law:
W = V × I
where W is the rate of dissipation of heat in watts, V is the voltage across the resistor in volts and I is the current through the resistor in amps.
There is no resistor that is perfect, and the main difference between a perfect resistor and any real resistor that can be manufactured is that no real resistor ever has a constant value for all possible frequencies, because signals at very high frequencies will flow around a resistor, through the stray capacitances, rather than through the material. For practical purposes, however, the definition ...
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