1Introduction

″I sit before you today with very little hair on my head. It fell out a few weeks ago as a result of the chemotherapy I've been undergoing Twenty years ago, without even this crude chemotherapy, I would already be dead But 20 years from now, nanoscale missiles will target cancer cells in the human body and leave everything else blissfully alone I may not live to see it. But I am confident it will happen.″ Richard Smalley, a 62-year-old Nobel Prize-winning chemist, was a nanotech pioneer who spoke these words on June 22, 1999. He died of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma on October 28, 2005.

A little more than 5 years after his death and the process has begun We are currently in the midst of a massive new industrial revolution—on the nanoscale—that ...

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