Synthetic aperture radar (SAR), originating fin 1950s, is a form of radar imaging technology which utilizes the relative motion between an antenna and its target region to simulate an extremely large antenna or aperture electronically, and which generates finer spatial resolution than that is possible with conventional beam-scanning means [211]. It is usually implemented by mounting radar on a moving platform such as airplane or satellite, from which a target scene is repeatedly illuminated with pulses of radio waves. The radar returns received successively at different antenna positions are coherently detected and stored and then post-processed together to resolve elements in an image of the target region.
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