Reducing variation in any system or process is a fundamental principle, which precludes waste elimination. When followed and used, lean practices and tools can help to reduce variation and waste as well as serve as a microscope for identifying improvement opportunities. Lean practices are planning approaches used throughout the transformation process. Lean tools are specific analytical methods and problem-solving approaches. It is not the intention to differentiate between practices and tools here because it is often only a subtle difference between the two. Rather, the focus for both is helping to identify causes of variation and waste, which can eventually lead to variance reductions and improvement.
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