In general terms, electrophoresis is the motion of charged particles of a solute with respect to the neutral solvent due to the presence of an electrostatic field (see Section 7.5.1). This phenomenon is used in one of the most affirmed ways to separate and quantify charged molecules in a solution [68].
In biochemistry this is an important task, since peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids tend to acquire a net charge when in solution with a suitable pH so that all these species can be processes by electrophoresis. If electrophoresis has to be used to separate and quantify a particular type of molecules it is needed that, when the electrical field is applied, they move into the solution at a suitable speed so to be effectively ...
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