CHAPTER 1

What Is the Metaverse?

The Metaverse, as a concept, is not new. It first appeared in Neal Stephenson’s science fiction novel Snow Crash published in 1992, representing a parallel virtual reality (VR) universe, created from computer graphics, that users from around the world could access and connect through glasses and earphones. The backbone of that metaverse was a protocol called “street,” which linked different virtual neighborhoods and locations. Users “materialized” in the Metaverse in configurable digital bodies were called “avatars.” A relevant cue in Stevenson’s novel is that digital experiences in the Metaverse could have a real impact on physical users’ bodies.

In the scientific arena, the first publication about the Metaverse ...

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