If we cannot obtain firmware via the vendor site or proxying its traffic, we can start dumping the device firmware via UART, SPI, or JTAG. Dumping firmware directly requires access to a device and disassembling the device to find its flash storage. Once the flash storage chip is located, you can either connect your UART pins directly or use an 8-pin SOIC chip-clip to dump the firmware using flashrom and an SPI-enabled hardware board such as a Shikra. The following is how an SOIC clip and a Shikra would be connected to a device:
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