Deadlock, Livelock, and Starvation
The nodes of an interconnection network send and receive messages or packets through the network interface. Both messages and packets carry information about the destination node. Thus, the techniques described in this chapter can be applied to both of them indistinctly. Without loss of generality, in what follows we will only refer to packets.
In direct networks, packets usually travel across several intermediate nodes before reaching the destination. In switch-based networks, packets usually traverse several switches before reaching the destination. However, it may happen that some packets are not able to reach their destinations, even if there exist fault-free paths connecting the source and destination ...
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