Illustrating Evolutionary Computation with Mathematica

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Evolutionary Programming

Intelligent behavior is a composite ability to predict one’s environment coupled with a translation of each prediction into a suitable response in light of some objective. Success in predicting an environment is a prerequisite to intelligent behavior.

Fogel 1999, p. 3

Bottom-up AI: neural networks

Top-down AI: heuristic programming

In the early days of artificial intelligence (AI), during the 1950s and 1960s, research in understanding intelligence through the construction of computational systems followed two distinctly different schools of thought: what might be called the “bottom-up” and “top-down” approaches to modeling intelligent behavior. From the bottom-up, or bionics, viewpoint, implementations of intelligence ...