High-Speed Photonics Interconnects

5	Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers for Interconnects
Werner H. E. Hofmann

CONTENTS

5.1  The Application of Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSELS) in Interconnects

5.1.1  The End of Copper-Based Interconnects

5.1.2  VCSELs for Optical Interconnects

5.2  Speed Limitations in VCSELs

5.2.1  High-Speed VCSELs

5.3  High-Speed, Temperature-Stable 980-NM VCSELs

5.3.1  High-Speed VCSEL Modulation

5.4  Energy-Efficient 850-NM VCSELs

5.4.1  Energy-Efficient Data Transmission

5.4.2  Energy-Efficient VCSELs for Interconnects

5.5  Advantages of Long-Wavelength VCSELs for Interconnects

5.5.1  Challenges of Long-Wavelength VCSELs

Reference

5.1    THE APPLICATION OF VERTICAL-CAVITY SURFACE-EMITTING LASER (VCSELS) IN INTERCONNECTS

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