Edge computing is a form of distributed computing whereby resources are copied from a remote location to a local one. See the following diagram:
As you can see, there is a central cloud network of servers and database storage, and nodes of servers and databases connected to the central cloud. The cloud-based network exists in a remote location. This could be on the other side of the world, for example. The nodes are located locally, perhaps in the same physical building as the computers that will access them.