8.1. Matrices

Matrices are used to organize data in several areas such as management, science, engineering, and technology.
Definition of matrix
A matrix is an array of numbers, enclosed by brackets.
The numbers are called elements or entries of the matrix. The elements are arranged in rows (horizontal) or columns (vertical), which determine the size (dimension or order) of the matrix.
Size of a matrix = number of rows × number of columns.
It can be read as the size of a matrix and is equal to number of rows “by” number of columns.
There are several popular types of matrices:
1. A column matrix (column vector) is a matrix that contains only one column.
2. A row matrix (row vector) is a matrix that contains only one row.
3. A square matrix is a matrix with ...

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