From Photon to Pixel

9Elements of Camera Hardware

This chapter will cover most of the components found in camera hardware, with the exception of the lens (discussed in Chapter 2) and the sensor (Chapter 3). We will begin by describing the internal computer, followed by memory, both internal and removable; screens, used for image visualization and for modifying settings; shutters, focus and light measurement mechanisms; image stabilization elements; additional components which may be added to the objective, including rings, filters and lenses; and, finally, batteries.

9.1. Image processors

The processors used in camera hardware have gained in importance over time. The high-treatment capacities required in order to format sensor output signals and to control all of the functions affecting photographic quality have resulted in significant changes to the camera design process. Big-name brands, which have occupied large portions of the market due to their high-quality optic designs and ergonomic hardware elements, found themselves needing to recruit electronics specialists, followed by specialist microcomputing engineers. New actors, mainly from the domain of mass-market audiovisual technology, have also emerged onto the market, often by buying existing brands which were struggling to find the necessary funds to invest in mastering these new technologies. Above and beyond image processing, new functions have been added to cameras, preparing data for storage and printing, using geolocation technology ...