Introduction
Society has the need to integrate. People build and integrate products and services. Specialists engineer complicated products and services, while systems engineers work with many domain specialists (e.g., physicists, biologists, chemists, sociologists, economists, psychiatrists, information specialists, corporate managers, workers, and decision makers) to tackle complex systems and system of systems. In essence, building systems is nothing more than integrating parts into a whole. Objects interact with other objects through energy, matter, material wealth, and information (EMMI). EMMI expresses the interactions between objects. To span the types of interactions and integrations that are observed ...
