Energy Processing and Smart Grid

CHAPTER 10STORAGE SYSTEMS IN THE SMART GRID

10.1 INTRODUCTION

Remote locations or sites where there is no power supply are motivated by a continuous need for energy to make provisions for energy-storage devices such as rechargeable batteries and lamps—for the same reason that we make provision for a flask when out on a cold day. The human need for energy is extensive and continuous, hence energy is an important subject in a technology-driven world. That is why much attention is directed toward energy production. Energy may not always be available when and where needed and at the required quantity, making energy storage an important component of energy studies [1].

10.2 FORMS OF ENERGY

Energy exists either naturally or in a transformed form as heat, sound, light, kinetic, potential, gravitational, thermonuclear, magnetic, electric, chemical, and nuclear. These can all be categorized broadly as electrical energy, mechanical energy, chemical energy, thermal energy, and electrochemical energy. Today, interconversion of energy from one form to another is not only possible but is being improved upon by the day through continuous research and development efforts all around the world.

10.3 ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEMS

Energy storage is any means employed to store energy and ensure energy security in the future. Some energy storage technologies include:

• flywheel energy storage system
• pumped hydro energy storage system
• battery storage systems
• supercapacitor or ultracapacitor energy ...