Book description
Written by renowned experts in the field, this first book to focus exclusively on energy balance climate models provides a concise overview of the topic. It covers all major aspects, from the simplest zero-dimensional models, proceeding to horizontally and vertically resolved models.The text begins with global average models, which are explored in terms of their elementary forms yielding the global average temperature, right up to the incorporation of feedback mechanisms and some analytical properties of interest. The effect of stochastic forcing is then used to introduce natural variability in the models before turning to the concept of stability theory. Other one dimensional or zonally averaged models are subsequently presented, along with various applications, including chapters on paleoclimatology, the inception of continental glaciations, detection of signals in the climate system, and optimal estimation of large scale quantities from point scale data. Throughout the book, the authors work on two mathematical levels: qualitative physical expositions of the subject material plus optional mathematical sections that include derivations and treatments of the equations along with some proofs of stability theorems.
A must-have introduction for policy makers, environmental agencies, and NGOs, as well as climatologists, molecular physicists, and meteorologists.
Table of contents
- Wiley Series in Atmospheric Physics and Remote Sensing
- Title Page
- Copyright
- Dedication
- Preface
- Chapter 1: Climate and Climate Models
- Chapter 2: Global Average Models
-
Chapter 3: Radiation and Vertical Structure
- 3.1 Radiance and Radiation Flux Density
- 3.2 Equation of Transfer
- 3.3 Gray Atmosphere
- 3.4 Plane-Parallel Atmosphere
- 3.5 Radiative Equilibrium
- 3.6 Simplified Model for Water Vapor Absorber
- 3.7 Cooling Rates
- 3.8 Solutions for Uniform-Slab Absorbers
- 3.9 Vertical Heat Conduction
- 3.10 Convective Adjustment Models
- 3.11 Lessons from Simple Radiation Models
- 3.12 Criticism of the Gray Spectrum
- 3.13 Aerosol Particles
- Notes for Further Reading
-
Chapter 4: Greenhouse Effect and Climate Feedbacks
- 4.1 Greenhouse Effect without Feedbacks
- 4.2 Infrared Spectra of Outgoing Radiation
- 4.3 Summary of Assumptions and Simplifications
- 4.4 Log Dependence of the Forcing
- 4.5 Runaway Greenhouse Effect
- 4.6 Climate Feedbacks and Climate Sensitivity
- 4.7 Water Vapor Feedback
- 4.8 Ice Feedback for the Global Model
- 4.9 Probability Density of Climate Sensitivity
- 4.10 Middle Atmosphere Temperature Profile
- 4.11 Conclusion
- Notes for Further Reading
- Exercises
-
Chapter 5: Latitude Dependence
- 5.1 Spherical Coordinates
- 5.2 Incoming Solar Radiation
- 5.3 Extreme Heat Transport Cases
- 5.4 Heat Transport Across Latitude Circles
- 5.5 Diffusive Heat Transport
- 5.6 Deriving the Legendre Polynomials
- 5.7 Solution of the Linear Model with Constant Coefficients
- 5.8 The Two-Mode Approximation
- 5.9 Poleward Transport of Heat
- 5.10 Budyko's Transport Model
- 5.11 Ring Heat Source
- 5.12 Advanced Topic: Formal Solution for More General Transports
- 5.13 Ice Feedback in the Two-Mode Model
- 5.14 Polar Amplification through Ice Cap Feedback
- 5.15 Chapter Summary
- Notes for Further Reading
-
Chapter 6: Time Dependence in the 1-D Models
- 6.1 Differential Equation for Time Dependence
- 6.2 Decay of Anomalies
- 6.3 Seasonal Cycle on a Homogeneous Planet
- 6.4 Spread of Diffused Heat
- 6.5 Random Winds and Diffusion
- 6.6 Numerical Methods
- 6.7 Spectral Methods
- 6.8 Summary
- Notes for Further Reading
- Exercises
- 6.9 Appendix to Chapter 6: Solar Heating Distribution
-
Chapter 7: Nonlinear Phenomena in EBMs
- 7.1 Formulation of the Nonlinear Feedback Model
- 7.2 Stürm–Liouville Modes
- 7.3 Linear Stability Analysis
- 7.4 Finite Perturbation Analysis and Potential Function
- 7.5 Small Ice Cap Instability
- 7.6 Snow Caps and the Seasonal Cycle
- 7.7 Mengel's Land-Cap Model
- 7.8 Chapter Summary
- Notes for Further Reading
- Exercises
-
Chapter 8: Two Horizontal Dimensions and Seasonality
- 8.1 Beach Ball Seasonal Cycle
- 8.2 Eigenfunctions in the Bounded Plane
- 8.3 Eigenfunctions on the Sphere
- 8.4 Spherical Harmonics
- 8.5 Solution of the EBM with Constant Coefficients
- 8.6 Introducing Geography
- 8.7 Global Sinusoidal Forcing
- 8.8 Two-Dimensional Linear Seasonal Model
- 8.9 Present Seasonal Cycle Comparison
- 8.10 Chapter Summary
- Notes for Further Reading
- Exercises
- Chapter 9: Perturbation by Noise
-
Chapter 10: Time-Dependent Response and the Ocean
- 10.1 Single-Slab Ocean
- 10.2 Penetration of a Periodic Heating at the Surface
- 10.3 Two-Slab Ocean
- 10.4 Box-Diffusion Ocean Model
- 10.5 Steady State of Upwelling-Diffusion Ocean
- 10.6 Upwelling Diffusion with (and without) Geography
- 10.7 Influence of Initial Conditions
- 10.8 Response to Periodic Forcing with Upwelling Diffusion Ocean
- 10.9 Summary and Conclusions
- Exercises
- Chapter 11: Applications of EBMs: Optimal Estimation
- Chapter 12: Applications of EBMs: Paleoclimate
- References
- Index
- End User License Agreement
Product information
- Title: Energy Balance Climate Models
- Author(s):
- Release date: December 2017
- Publisher(s): Wiley-VCH
- ISBN: 9783527411320
You might also like
book
Environmental Economics and Sustainability
Environmental Economics and Sustainability presents a collection of peer-reviewed research articles contributed by international experts that …
book
The Science of Climate Change
It has long been recognized that science is the pursuit of knowledge, knowledge is power, and …
book
Energy for Sustainable Society
A handbook of sustainable energy, covering entire energy aspects from present status to future alternatives under …
book
Operation and Control of Renewable Energy Systems
A comprehensive reference to renewable energy technologies with a focus on power generation and integration into …