29.7. Types of AFP
The AFPs from various organisms show no obvious conserved structure, universal sequence, or structural motifs (Graether, 2010). However, as we shall see in the following discussion, in some organisms, certain sequences or motifs and structures seem to be favored, whether they evolved by convergent evolution or from a common ancestral protein (Cheng and DeVries, 2002; Kristiansen et al., 2012; Hakim et al., 2013).
A short overview of the different types of AFPs may prove helpful when their considering various applications. Although AFPs share the common features of recognizing an ice crystal surface, binding to it, and inhibiting its growth, they are so structurally different that one has a choice when it comes to other properties ...
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