CHAPTER 1

HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURES: TREES

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Stefanie Posavec and Greg McInerny, U.S.: “(En)tangled Word Bank,” 2009.

The series of diagrams represents changes in the six editions of Charles Darwin’s On the Origin of Species. Chapters are divided into subchapters, subchapters into paragraph “leaves,” and, finally, small wedge-shaped “leaflets” stand for sentences. Each sentence is colored in blue if it survives to the next edition, and in orange if it is deleted.

In a nutshell, hierarchical systems are ordered sets where elements and/or subsets are organized in a given relationship to one another, both among themselves and within the whole. Relationships ...

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