Chapter 3
BGP for the Data Center
As described in Chapter 2, “Overview of Data Center Architecture,” modern data centers are built with a scale-out strategy (rather than a scale-up strategy), with predominantly east-west traffic as opposed to the north-south traffic in the traditional three-tier architecture. This shift in strategy was prompted by many factors, including the rise of server virtualization, deployment of high-density server clusters (requiring inter-server communication), new technologies facilitating virtual machine migrations, a shift toward cloud-native applications and workloads, and, more recently, deployment of GPU clusters for artificial intelligence.
In line with this shift in strategy, data center topologies have evolved ...
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