Measures and Strategies of Control in Organizations
The various types of control determine outputs of corporate entrepreneurship (such as sales, productivity, costs, profitability, and growth) and behavior (such as employee behavior, culture, management competencies, rewards, and motivation) and can be grouped into four general categories: personal control, bureaucratic or centralized control, output control, and cultural control. Personal control is direct supervision and leadership with centralized decision making involving reward and punishment reinforcement to produce conformity. Bureaucratic or centralized control is highly formalized with narrowly defined tasks, procedures, and rules applied to undertaking each task, centralized decision ...
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