Composite Reinforcements for Optimum Performance

Book description

Reinforcements are an integral part of all composites and the quality and performance of the composite can be optimised by modelling the type and structure of the reinforcement before moulding. Composite reinforcements for optimum performance reviews the materials, properties and modelling techniques used in composite production and highlights their uses in optimising performance.

Part one covers materials for reinforcements in composites, including chapters on fibres, carbon nanotubes and ceramics as reinforcement materials. In part two, different types of structures for reinforcements are discussed, with chapters covering woven and braided reinforcements, three-dimensional fibre structures and two methods of modelling the geometry of textile reinforcements: WiseTex and TexGen. Part three focuses on the properties of composite reinforcements, with chapters on topics such as in-plane shear properties, transverse compression, bending and permeability properties. Finally, part four covers characterising and modelling of reinforcements in composites, with chapters focusing on such topics as microscopic and mesoscopic approaches, X-ray tomography analysis and modelling reinforcement forming processes.

With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Composite reinforcements for optimum performance is an essential reference for designers and engineers in the composite and composite reinforcement manufacturing industry, as well as all those with an academic research interest in the subject.

  • Reviews the materials, properties and modelling techniques used in composite production and highlights their uses in performance optimisation
  • Covers materials for reinforcements in composites, including fibres, carbon nanotubes and ceramics
  • Discusses characterising and modelling of reinforcements in composites, focusing on such topics as microscopic and mesoscopic approaches, X-ray tomography analysis and modelling reinforcement forming processes

Table of contents

  1. Cover image
  2. Title page
  3. Table of Contents
  4. Copyright
  5. Contributor contact details
  6. Part I: Materials for reinforcements in composites
    1. Chapter 1: Fibres for composite reinforcement: properties and microstructures
      1. Abstract:
      2. 1.1 Introduction
      3. 1.2 Fineness, units, flexibility and strength
      4. 1.3 Comparison of materials
      5. 1.4 Organic fibres
      6. 1.5 Glass fibres
      7. 1.6 Chemical vapour deposition (CVD) monofilaments
      8. 1.7 Carbon fibres
      9. 1.8 Small-diameter ceramic fibres
      10. 1.9 Conclusions
    2. Chapter 2: Carbon nanotube reinforcements for composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 2.1 Carbon nanotubes (CNTs)
      3. 2.2 Carbon nanotube (CNT) polymer composites
      4. 2.3 Performance and applications
    3. Chapter 3: Ceramic reinforcements for composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 3.1 Introduction
      3. 3.2 Ceramic fibers: general features
      4. 3.3 Fracture strength: statistical features
      5. 3.4 Mechanical behavior at high temperatures
      6. 3.5 Fiber–matrix interfaces: influence on mechanical behavior
      7. 3.6 Mechanical behavior of composites: influence of fibers and interfaces
      8. 3.7 Conclusion
  7. Part II: Structures for reinforcements in composites
    1. Chapter 4: Woven reinforcements for composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 4.1 Introduction: from the beginning of weaving to technical applications
      3. 4.2 Technology description
      4. 4.3 Woven fabric definitions
      5. 4.4 Applications for composite reinforcements
      6. 4.5 Conclusion and future trends
      7. 4.6 Acknowledgement
    2. Chapter 5: Braided reinforcements for composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 5.1 Introduction
      3. 5.2 Fundamentals of braiding
      4. 5.3 Braiding technologies for preforming
      5. 5.4 Key parameters for using braiding machines
      6. 5.5 Characteristics and properties of braided textiles
      7. 5.6 Mandrel technologies
      8. 5.7 Further processing
      9. 5.8 Typical applications
      10. 5.9 Limitations and drawbacks
      11. 5.10 Future trends
    3. Chapter 6: Three-dimensional (3D) fibre reinforcements for composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 6.1 Introduction
      3. 6.2 Manufacture of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites
      4. 6.3 Microstructure of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites
      5. 6.4 Delamination fracture of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites
      6. 6.5 Impact damage resistance and tolerance of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites
      7. 6.6 Through-thickness stiffness and strength of three dimensional (3D) fibre composites
      8. 6.7 Through-thickness thermal properties of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites
      9. 6.8 In-plane mechanical properties of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites
      10. 6.9 Joint properties of three-dimensional (3D) fibre composites
      11. 6.10 Conclusions
    4. Chapter 7: Modelling the geometry of textile reinforcements for composites: WiseTex
      1. Abstract:
      2. 7.1 Introduction
      3. 7.2 Generic data structure for description of internal geometry of textile reinforcement
      4. 7.3 Geometrical description of specific types of reinforcements
      5. 7.4 Geometrical model as a pre-processor for prediction of mechanical properties of the reinforcement
      6. 7.5 Conclusion
    5. Chapter 8: Modelling the geometry of textile reinforcements for composites: TexGen
      1. Abstract:
      2. 8.1 Introduction: rationale and background to TexGen
      3. 8.2 Implementation
      4. 8.3 Modelling theory
      5. 8.4 Rendering and export of model
      6. 8.5 Applications
      7. 8.6 Future trends
  8. Part III: Properties of composite reinforcements
    1. Chapter 9: In-plane shear properties of woven fabric reinforced composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 9.1 Introduction
      3. 9.2 Fabric properties
      4. 9.3 Experimental setups of the trellis-frame test
      5. 9.4 Experimental results of the trellis-frame test
      6. 9.5 Experimental setups of the bias extension test
      7. 9.6 Experimental results of the bias extension test
      8. 9.7 Conclusions
      9. 9.8 Acknowledgments
    2. Chapter 10: Biaxial tensile properties of reinforcements in composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 10.1 Introduction
      3. 10.2 Experimental analysis
      4. 10.3 Analytical model
      5. 10.4 Numerical modelling
      6. 10.5 Conclusions
    3. Chapter 11: Transverse compression properties of composite reinforcements
      1. Abstract:
      2. 11.1 Introduction
      3. 11.2 Transverse compression of composite reinforcements
      4. 11.3 Inelastic response of fibrous materials
      5. 11.4 Inelastic models of reinforcement compression
      6. 11.5 Future trends
    4. Chapter 12: Bending properties of reinforcements in composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 12.1 Context
      3. 12.2 Improved cantilever test
      4. 12.3 Results and discussion
      5. 12.4 Conclusions
      6. 12.5 Acknowledgement
    5. Chapter 13: Friction properties of reinforcements in composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 13.1 Introduction
      3. 13.2 Theory
      4. 13.3 Testing methodologies (static and dynamic friction coefficients)
      5. 13.4 Experimental data
      6. 13.5 Modeling of thermostamping
      7. 13.6 Conclusion
    6. Chapter 14: Permeability properties of reinforcements in composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 14.1 Introduction
      3. 14.2 The permeability tensor
      4. 14.3 Saturated permeability modelling for fibre preforms
      5. 14.4 Unsaturated permeability modelling
      6. 14.5 Permeability measurement methods
      7. 14.6 Conclusion and future trends
  9. Part IV: Characterising and modelling reinforcements in composites
    1. Chapter 15: Microscopic approaches for understanding the mechanical behaviour of reinforcement in composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 15.1 Introduction
      3. 15.2 Interests and goals of the approach at microscopic scale
      4. 15.3 Modelling approach to textile composites at microscopic scale
      5. 15.4 Application examples
      6. 15.5 Conclusions
    2. Chapter 16: Mesoscopic approaches for understanding the mechanical behaviour of reinforcements in composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 16.1 Introduction
      3. 16.2 Mechanical behaviour of the reinforcement
      4. 16.3 Mechanical behaviour of the yarn
      5. 16.4 Geometric modelling
      6. 16.5 Behaviour identification and finite element modelling
      7. 16.6 Finite element simulations, use and results
      8. 16.7 Conclusions and future trends
    3. Chapter 17: Continuous models for analyzing the mechanical behavior of reinforcements in composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 17.1 Introduction
      3. 17.2 Continuum mechanics-based non-orthogonal model
      4. 17.3 Non-orthogonal constitutive model for woven fabrics
      5. 17.4 Specific application for a plain weave composite fabric
      6. 17.5 Validation of the non-orthogonal model
      7. 17.6 General fiber-reinforced hyperelastic model
      8. 17.7 Specific fiber-reinforced hyperelastic model for woven composite fabrics
      9. 17.8 Conclusions
      10. 17.9 Acknowledgment
    4. Chapter 18: X-ray tomography analysis of the mechanical behaviour of reinforcements in composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 18.1 Introduction
      3. 18.2 X-ray tomography of composite reinforcements
      4. 18.3 Analyses of the structure of a textile reinforcement
      5. 18.4 Application of the mechanical behaviour of woven reinforcements to finite element simulations
      6. 18.5 Conclusion
    5. Chapter 19: Flow modeling in composite reinforcements
      1. Abstract:
      2. 19.1 Introduction
      3. 19.2 Governing flow equations
      4. 19.3 Analytical solution
      5. 19.4 Numerical solution
      6. 19.5 Application examples
      7. 19.6 Conclusions
    6. Chapter 20: Modelling short fibre polymer reinforcements for composites
      1. Abstract:
      2. 20.1 Introduction
      3. 20.2 Observations
      4. 20.3 Models
      5. 20.4 Computation of fibre orientation in injection moulding
      6. 20.5 Conclusions
    7. Chapter 21: Modelling composite reinforcement forming processes
      1. Abstract:
      2. 21.1 Introduction
      3. 21.2 A mesoscopic approach
      4. 21.3 Continuous approaches
      5. 21.4 The semi-discrete approach
      6. 21.5 Discussion and conclusion
      7. 21.6 Acknowledgements
  10. Index

Product information

  • Title: Composite Reinforcements for Optimum Performance
  • Author(s): P Boisse
  • Release date: September 2011
  • Publisher(s): Woodhead Publishing
  • ISBN: 9780857093714