Color for Science, Art and Technology

Color for Science, Art and Technology

by Kurt Nassau
Released December 1997
Publisher(s): North Holland
ISBN: 9780080529370

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Book description

The aim of this book is to assemble a series of chapters, written by experts in their fields, covering the basics of color - and then some more. In this way, readers are supplied with almost anything they want to know about color outside their own area of expertise. Thus, the color measurement expert, as well as the general reader, can find here information on the perception, causes, and uses of color. For the artist there are details on the causes, measurement, perception, and reproduction of color. Within each chapter, authors were requested to indicate directions of future efforts, where applicable.

One might reasonably expect that all would have been learned about color in the more than three hundred years since Newton established the fundamentals of color science. This is not true because:

• the measurement of color still has unresolved complexities (Chapter 2)

• many of the fine details of color vision remain unknown (Chapter 3)

• every few decades a new movement in art discovers original ways to use new pigments, and dyes continue to be discovered (Chapter 5)

• the philosophical approach to color has not yet crystallized (Chapter 7)

• new pigments and dyes continue to be discovered (Chapters 10 and 11)

• the study of the biological and therapeutic effects of color is still in its infancy (Chapter 2).

Color continues to develop towards maturity and the editor believes that there is much common ground between the sciences and the arts and that color is a major connecting bridge.

Table of contents

  1. Cover image
  2. Title page
  3. Table of Contents
  4. Copyright page
  5. Dedication
  6. Preface
  7. List of Contributors
  8. Biographical Notes
  9. Section I: The Science of Color
    1. chapter 1: Fundamentals of Color Science
      1. 1.1 Introduction
      2. 1.2 Defining color
      3. 1.3 Early views on color
      4. 1.4 Newton, the spectrum, and “colored” light
      5. 1.5 Light and color
      6. 1.6 Color mixing
      7. 1.7 Color vision and color theories
      8. 1.8 What color do You see?
      9. 1.9 Color and “Science versus Art”
      10. 1.10 The nature of light
    2. chapter 2: The Measurement of Color
      1. 2.1 Introduction
      2. 2.2 The CIE system of colorimetry
      3. 2.3 Color collections and uniform color spaces
      4. 2.4 Color differences and tolerances
      5. 2.5 Reflectance measurements
      6. 2.6 Transmittance measurements
      7. 2.7 Radiometric measurements
      8. 2.8 Colorant mixing and color matching
      9. 2.9 Review and recommendations
    3. chapter 3: Color Vision
      1. 3.1 Introduction
      2. 3.2 Anatomy of the visual system
      3. 3.3 Neurophysiology of color vision
      4. 3.4 The psychophysics of color vision
      5. 3.5 In conclusion
    4. chapter 4: The Fifteen Causes of Color
      1. 4.1 Introduction
      2. 4.2 Some fundamentals
      3. 4.3 Color from simple excitations and vibrations
      4. 4.4 Color from ligand field effects
      5. 4.5 Color from molecular orbitals
      6. 4.6 Color from band theory
      7. 4.7 Color from geometrical and physical optics
      8. 4.8 Color occurrences in many fields
  10. Section II: Color in Art, Culture and Life
    1. chapter 5: Color in Abstract Painting
      1. 5.1 Introduction
      2. 5.2 Color models and art
      3. 5.3 Emergent properties in paintings
      4. 5.4 Figure–field organization
      5. 5.5 Spatial organization
      6. 5.6 Temporal organization
      7. 5.7 Film color
      8. 5.8 The aesthetics of color painting
    2. chapter 6: Color In Anthropology And Folklore
      1. 6.1 Introduction
      2. 6.2 Earliest use of color
      3. 6.3 Color in anthropology and folklore
      4. 6.4 Total appearance
      5. 6.5 Discussion
    3. chapter 7: The Philosophy of Color
      1. 7.1 Introduction
      2. 7.2 The philosophy of color
    4. chapter 8: Color in Plants, Animals and Man
      1. 8.1 Introduction
      2. 8.2 The greens
      3. 8.3 Color and appearance of animals and flowering plants
      4. 8.4 Color and appearance in plants
      5. 8.5 Color and appearance in animals – the principles
      6. 8.6 Color of humans
    5. chapter 9: The Biological and Therapeutic Effects of Light
      1. 9.1 Introduction
      2. 9.2 The science of photobiology
      3. 9.3 Human responses to light
      4. 9.4 Regulation of biological rhythms by light
      5. 9.5 Response of the pineal gland to different wavelengths of light
      6. 9.6 The effects of color on blood pressure and general arousal
      7. 9.7 Light treatment of winter depression and other disorders
      8. 9.8 The effects of different wavelengths in light therapy
      9. 9.9 Color therapy (chromotherapy)
      10. 9.10 Placebo response concerns
      11. 9.11 Conclusion
      12. Acknowledgements
      13. 9.12 Addendum to Chapter 9 Double blind testing for biological and therapeutic effects of color
  11. Section III: Colorant, the Preservation and the Reproduction of Color
    1. chapter 10: Colorants: Organic and Inorganic Pigments
      1. 10.1 Introduction
      2. 10.2 International nomenclature – the Colour Index system
      3. 10.3 Classification of organic pigments by chemistry
      4. 10.4 Classification of organic pigments by color
      5. 10.5 Classification of inorganic pigments by chemistry
      6. 10.6 Classification of inorganic pigments by color
      7. 10.7 Metals as pigments
      8. 10.8 Pigment dispersion and end use application
    2. chapter 11: Colorants: Dyes
      1. 11.1 Introduction
      2. 11.2 Textile substrates
      3. 11.3 Color application categories
      4. 11.4 Color fastness
      5. 11.5 The dyeing process
      6. 11.6 Sorption isotherms
      7. 11.7 Dyeing variables – machinery
      8. 11.8 Dyeing variables – auxiliaries
      9. 11.9 Textile pigmentation processes
      10. 11.10 Summary
    3. chapter 12: Color Preservation
      1. 12.1 Introduction
      2. 12.2 Chemical interactions between colorants
      3. 12.3 Chemical interaction effects on colorants
      4. 12.4 Atmospheric interactions with colorants
      5. 12.5 Photochemical deterioration
      6. 12.6 Conclusions and further reading
    4. chapter 13: Color Imaging: Printing and Photography
      1. 13.1 Introduction
      2. 13.2 Subtractive color reproduction fundamentals
      3. 13.3 Imaging processes
      4. 13.4 Color separation
      5. 13.5 Evaluation conditions
      6. 13.6 Color and image constraints
      7. 13.7 Color reproduction quality objectives
      8. 13.8 Research directions
      9. 13.10 Appendixes
    5. chapter 14: Color Encoding in the Photo CD System
      1. 14.1 Introduction
      2. 14.2 Color-imaging systems
      3. 14.3 Input signal processing
      4. 14.4 Data metrics for color encoding
      5. 14.5 Output signal processing
      6. 14.6 Discussion
      7. 14.7 Appendixes
    6. chapter 15: Color Displays
      1. 15.1 Introduction
      2. 15.2 Display systems
      3. 15.3 Colorimetric calibration of a display
      4. 15.4 Colorimetry of displays
      5. 15.5 Applications
      6. 15.6 Appendix Derivation of transformation matrices
  12. Index

Product information

  • Title: Color for Science, Art and Technology
  • Author(s): Kurt Nassau
  • Release date: December 1997
  • Publisher(s): North Holland
  • ISBN: 9780080529370