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There exists a wide variety of pumps that are designed for various specific applications. However, most of them can be broadly classified into two categories: positive displacement and centrifugal. The primary performance variables for any pump are the pump capacity (e.g., gpm, liters/min, m3/h, etc.) and the pressure or “head” that the pump can develop (e.g., ft or m of fluid). Recall that the head is related to the pressure by h = ΔP/ρg, which involves the density of the system fluid, so that a specific head value is unique to a specific fluid. The most significant characteristics of each of these two types of pumps are described in the ...
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