Part III: Ethernet Virtual LANs and Spanning Tree
Today’s data centers typically build the data networking components using Ethernet technology. Specifically, the physical links, the data-link protocols, and the networking devices (such as Ethernet LAN switches) follow Ethernet standards.
Once built, engineers can then separate traffic into different LAN broadcast domains using the concept of virtual local-area networks (VLANs). VLANs allow data center design engineers to place some servers in the same broadcast domain (VLAN) and keep others separate, as needed for a given design.
Data center networks also typically use many redundant links to achieve the goal of higher network availability. That redundancy, left unchecked, can also cause problems. ...
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