Build a Frontend Web Framework (From Scratch)

Table of contents

1. copyright
2. contents
3. Build a Frontend Web Framework (From Scratch)
4. dedication
5. preface
6. acknowledgments
7. about this book
8. about the author
9. about the cover illustration
10. Part 1 No framework
11. 1 Are frontend frameworks magic to you?
    1. 1.1 Why build your own frontend framework?
    2. 1.2 The framework we’ll build
       1. 1.2.1 Features
       2. 1.2.2 Implementation plan
    3. 1.3 Overview of how a frontend framework works
       1. 1.3.1 The developer’s side
       2. 1.3.2 The browser side of an SPA
       3. 1.3.3 The browser and server sides of an SSR application
12. 2 Vanilla JavaScript—like in the old days
    1. 2.1 The assignment: A TODOs app
    2. 2.2 Writing the application
       1. 2.2.1 Project setup
       2. 2.2.2 The HTML markup
       3. 2.2.3 The JavaScript code
13. Part 2 A basic framework
14. 3 Rendering and the virtual DOM
    1. 3.1 Separating concerns: DOM manipulation vs. application logic
    2. 3.2 The virtual DOM
    3. 3.3 Getting ready
    4. 3.4 Types of nodes
    5. 3.5 Element nodes
       1. 3.5.1 Conditional rendering: Removing null values
       2. 3.5.2 Mapping strings to text nodes
    6. 3.6 Text nodes
    7. 3.7 Fragment nodes
       1. 3.7.1 Implementing fragment nodes
       2. 3.7.2 Testing the virtual DOM functions
    8. 3.8 Components: The cornerstone of frontend frameworks
       1. 3.8.1 What is a component?
       2. 3.8.2 The virtual DOM as a function of the state
       3. 3.8.3 Composing views: Components as children
15. 4 Mounting and destroying the virtual DOM
    1. 4.1 Mounting the virtual DOM
       1. 4.1.1 Mounting virtual nodes into the DOM
       2. 4.1.2 Mounting text nodes
       3. 4.1.3 Mounting fragment nodes
       4. 4.1.4 Mounting element nodes
       5. 4.1.5 Adding event listeners
       6. 4.1.6 Setting the attributes
       7. 4.1.7 A mountDOM() example
    2. 4.2 Destroying the DOM
       1. 4.2.1 Destroying a text node
       2. 4.2.2 Destroying an element
       3. 4.2.3 Destroying a fragment
16. 5 State management and the application’s lifecycle
    1. 5.1 The state manager
       1. 5.1.1 From JavaScript events to application domain commands
       2. 5.1.2 The reducer functions
       3. 5.1.3 The dispatcher
       4. 5.1.4 Result
    2. 5.2 Assembling the state manager into the framework
       1. 5.2.1 The application instance
       2. 5.2.2 The application instance’s renderer
       3. 5.2.3 The application instance’s state manager
       4. 5.2.4 Components dispatching commands
       5. 5.2.5 Unmounting the application
       6. 5.2.6 Result
17. 6 Publishing and using your framework’s first version
    1. 6.1 Building and publishing the framework
    2. 6.2 A short example
    3. 6.3 Refactoring the TODOs app
       1. 6.3.1 Defining the state
       2. 6.3.2 Defining the reducers
       3. 6.3.3 Defining the view
18. 7 The reconciliation algorithm: Diffing virtual trees
    1. 7.1 The three key functions of the reconciliation algorithm
    2. 7.2 Comparing two virtual DOM trees
       1. 7.2.1 Finding the differences
       2. 7.2.2 Applying the changes
    3. 7.3 Changes in the rendering
    4. 7.4 Diffing objects
    5. 7.5 Diffing arrays
    6. 7.6 Diffing arrays as a sequence of operations
       1. 7.6.1 Defining the operations you can use
       2. 7.6.2 Finding the sequence of operations: The algorithm
       3. 7.6.3 An example by hand
       4. 7.6.4 Implementing the algorithm
19. 8 The reconciliation algorithm: Patching the DOM
    1. 8.1 Mounting the DOM at an index
       1. 8.1.1 The insert() function
       2. 8.1.2 Text nodes
       3. 8.1.3 Element nodes
       4. 8.1.4 Fragment nodes
    2. 8.2 Patching the DOM
       1. 8.2.1 The reconciliation algorithm
       2. 8.2.2 Virtual node equality
       3. 8.2.3 Subtree change
       4. 8.2.4 Patching text nodes
       5. 8.2.5 Patching element nodes
       6. 8.2.6 Patching child nodes
    3. 8.3 Publishing the framework’s new version
    4. 8.4 The TODOs application
       1. 8.4.1 Inspecting the DOM tree changes
       2. 8.4.2 Using the paint-flashing tool (Chrome only)
20. Part 3 Improving the framework
21. 9 Stateful components
    1. 9.1 Anatomy of a stateful component
       1. 9.1.1 The properties of a stateful component
       2. 9.1.2 The methods of a stateful component
    2. 9.2 Components as classes
    3. 9.3 Components with state
       1. 9.3.1 Updating the state and patching the DOM
       2. 9.3.2 Result
       3. 9.3.3 The component’s offset
       4. 9.3.4 Patching the DOM using the component’s offset
22. 10 Component methods
    1. 10.1 Component methods
    2. 10.2 Binding event handlers to the component
    3. 10.3 Mounting the DOM with a host component
    4. 10.4 Patching the DOM with a host component
23. 11 Subcomponents: Communication via props and events
    1. 11.1 Adding components as a new virtual DOM type
       1. 11.1.1 Updating the elements getter
       2. 11.1.2 Mounting component virtual nodes
       3. 11.1.3 Destroying component virtual nodes
       4. 11.1.4 Patching component virtual nodes
       5. 11.1.5 A rendering optimization (optional)
    2. 11.2 Events
       1. 11.2.1 Saving the event handlers inside the component
       2. 11.2.2 Extracting the props and events for a component
       3. 11.2.3 Wiring the event handlers
       4. 11.2.4 Emitting events
24. 12 Keyed lists
    1. 12.1 The key attribute
       1. 12.1.1 Component nodes equality
       2. 12.1.2 Using the key attribute
       3. 12.1.3 Removing the key attribute from the props object
    2. 12.2 Extending the solution to element nodes
    3. 12.3 Using the key attribute
       1. 12.3.1 Mistake 1: Using the index as key
       2. 12.3.2 Mistake 2: Using the same key for different elements
    4. 12.4 The application instance
    5. 12.5 Publishing the framework
25. 13 The component lifecycle hooks and the scheduler
    1. 13.1 The component lifecycle
    2. 13.2 Implementing the mounted and unmounted lifecycle hooks
       1. 13.2.1 Hooks asynchronicity
       2. 13.2.2 Hooks execution context
       3. 13.2.3 Dealing with asynchronicity and execution context
    3. 13.3 The scheduler
       1. 13.3.1 A simple solution that doesn’t quite work
       2. 13.3.2 Tasks, microtasks, and the event loop
       3. 13.3.3 The event loop cycle
       4. 13.3.4 The fundamentals of the scheduler
       5. 13.3.5 Implementing a scheduler
       6. 13.3.6 Scheduling the lifecycle hooks execution
    4. 13.4 Publishing version 4 of the framework
26. 14 Testing asynchronous components
    1. 14.1 Testing components with asynchronous behavior: nextTick()
       1. 14.1.1 Testing a component with an asynchronous onMounted() hook
       2. 14.1.2 The fundamentals behind the nextTick() function
       3. 14.1.3 Implementing the nextTick() function
    2. 14.2 Publishing version 4.1 of the framework
    3. 14.3 Where to go from here
27. appendix Setting up the project
    1. A.1 Where to find the source code
       1. A.1.1 Checking out the code for each chapter
       2. A.1.2 A note on the code
       3. A.1.3 Reporting problems in the code
       4. A.1.4 Fixing a bug yourself
    2. A.2 Solutions to the exercises
    3. A.3 Advanced topics
    4. A.4 Note on the technologies used
       1. A.4.1 Package manager: NPM
       2. A.4.2 Bundler: Rollup
       3. A.4.3 Linter: ESLint
       4. A.4.4 (Optional) Testing: Vitest
       5. A.4.5 Language: JavaScript
    5. A.5 Read the docs
    6. A.6 Structure of the project
    7. A.7 Finding a name for your framework
    8. A.8 Option A: Using the CLI tool
    9. A.9 Option B: Configuring the project from scratch
       1. A.9.1 The examples folder
       2. A.9.2 Creating the runtime package
    10. A.10 Publishing your framework to NPM
        1. A.10.1 Creating an NPM account
        2. A.10.2 Logging in to NPM
        3. A.10.3 Publishing your framework
    11. A.11 Using a CDN to import the framework