12.7 An Application to Alternating-current (ac) Circuits
Basic Circuit with Resistance, Inductance, and Capacitance • Impedance • Phase Angle • Phasor • Resonance
We now show an application of complex numbers in a basic type of alternating-current circuit. We show how the voltage is measured between any two points in a circuit containing a resistance, a capacitance, and an inductance. This circuit is similar to one noted in earlier examples and exercises in this chapter.
A resistance is any part of a circuit that tends to obstruct the flow of electric current through the circuit. It is denoted by R (units in ohms, ) and in diagrams by 
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