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CHAPTER 9 KEY FORMULAS AND EQUATIONS

Triangle Ay B C with sides ay, b, and c opposite angles Ay, B, and C, respectively.

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.1-16 Full Alternative Text	Vector addition by components	$A_{x} = A \cos θ A_{y} = A \sin θ$ (9.1) $R = \sqrt{R_{x}^{2} + R_{y}^{2}}$ (9.2) $θ_{ref} = \tan^{- 1} \frac{\| R_{y} \|}{\| R_{x} \|}$ (9.3)
Law of sines	$\frac{a}{\sin A} = \frac{b}{\sin B} = \frac{c}{\sin C}$ (9.8)
	Law of cosines	$\begin{array}{l} a^{2} = b^{2} + c^{2} - 2 b c \cos A \\ b^{2} = a^{2} + c^{2} - 2 a c \cos B \\ c^{2} = a^{2} + b^{2} - 2 a b \cos C \end{array}$ (9.13)