Bacterial Cellular Metabolic Systems

3.9 Response to nutrient starvation

3.9.1 Metabolic regulation by RpoS

Although many industrial fermentations are conducted in the batch mode, most of the studies have focused on the cell growth phase, and little attention has been paid to the late growth and stationary phases. Since the important metabolites are produced at the early stationary or stationary phases, it is important to clarify the metabolic regulation mechanisms that occur during these phases. During batch fermentation, cultural conditions change from glucose rich to acetate rich conditions, and change further to carbon starvation conditions. The presence of several global regulators, such as RpoD, SoxRS, Cra, FadR, and IclR, have been reported to help E. coli to cope with ...