It is a most common situation that a system needs to handle spikes while analyzing data. This pattern introduces a workflow or process to queue additional chunks of data and then route them to available nodes:
The preceding diagram depicts a sample implementation of a data queue and processors for additional workflows and routes to available nodes (of multiple nodes).
Using cloud IaaS is the best option to handle the spikes dynamically and yield better cost savings. It spins additional virtual machines as needed, with more when there is a spike, and fewer when traffic is slow or average).