13.2. Small footprint lidar data
13.2.1. Principle of small footprint lidar
The principle of lidar is similar to radar altimeter except the working frequency. Lidar works on optical or near-infrared bands whose frequency is far higher than those of radar altimeters (10,000–100,000 times). Lidar mainly measures the time interval between the transmitting and receiving laser pulses to get the distance from laser transmitter to objects (Bachman, 1979). Its principle can be described as (Baltsavias, 1999)
(13.11)
where R is the distance from lidar to an object, c is the speed of light, t is the time for a round-trip ...
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