Preface
The trends in long-haul terrestrial and intercontinental telecommunications systems and networks are toward longer transparent distance and increased information capacity with cost-effective implementation of the communications systems.
One of the possibilities is the use of modulation formats and coherent reception incorporating digital signal processors (DSPs), analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), and digital-to-analog converters (DACs) providing a sampling rate of 120 GSa/s rather than the on–off keying intensity modulation and direct detection traditionally employed in current optical communications networks; that is, the use of the amplitude, phase, and frequency of the lightwave carrier and formats of return-to-zero and non-return-to-zero ...
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