1. Commands and Shells

   1. Chapter 1 Introduction

      1. Merging the Traditions
      2. Bundling
      3. What's in the Quick Reference
      4. Beginner's Guide
      5. Guide for Users of BSD-Derived Systems
      6. Solaris: Standard Compliant Programs

   2. Chapter 2 Unix Commands

      1. Alphabetical Summary of Commands

   3. Chapter 3 The Unix Shell: An Overview

      1. Introduction to the Shell
      2. Purpose of the Shell
      3. Shell Flavors
      4. Common Features
      5. Differing Features

   4. Chapter 4 The Bourne Shell and Korn Shell

      1. Overview of Features
      2. Syntax
      3. Variables
      4. Arithmetic Expressions
      5. Command History
      6. Job Control
      7. Invoking the Shell
      8. Restricted Shells
      9. Built-in Commands (Bourne and Korn Shells)

   5. Chapter 5 The C Shell

      1. Overview of Features
      2. Syntax
      3. Variables
      4. Expressions
      5. Command History
      6. Job Control
      7. Invoking the Shell
      8. Built-in C Shell Commands

2. Text Editing and Processing

   1. Chapter 6 Pattern Matching

      1. Filenames Versus Patterns
      2. Metacharacters, Listed by Unix Program
      3. Metacharacters
      4. Examples of Searching

   2. Chapter 7 The Emacs Editor

      1. Introduction
      2. Summary of Commands by Group
      3. Summary of Commands by Key
      4. Summary of Commands by Name

   3. Chapter 8 The vi Editor

      1. Review of vi Operations
      2. Movement Commands
      3. Edit Commands
      4. Saving and Exiting
      5. Accessing Multiple Files
      6. Interacting with Unix
      7. Macros
      8. Miscellaneous Commands
      9. Alphabetical List of Keys
      10. Setting Up vi

   4. Chapter 9 The ex Editor

      1. Syntax of ex Commands
      2. Alphabetical Summary of ex Commands

   5. Chapter 10 The sed Editor

      1. Conceptual Overview
      2. Command-Line Syntax
      3. Syntax of sed Commands
      4. Group Summary of sed Commands
      5. Alphabetical Summary of sed Commands

   6. Chapter 11 The awk Programming Language

      1. Conceptual Overview
      2. Command-Line Syntax
      3. Patterns and Procedures
      4. Built-in Variables
      5. Operators
      6. Variables and Array Assignments
      7. User-Defined Functions
      8. Group Listing of awk Functions and Commands
      9. Implementation Limits
      10. Alphabetical Summary of Functions and Commands

3. Text Formatting

   1. Chapter 12 nroff and troff

      1. Introduction
      2. Command-Line Invocation
      3. Conceptual Overview
      4. Default Operation of Requests
      5. Group Summary of Requests
      6. Alphabetical Summary of Requests
      7. Escape Sequences
      8. Predefined Registers
      9. Special Characters

   2. Chapter 13 mm Macros

      1. Alphabetical Summary of mm Macros
      2. Predefined String Names
      3. Number Registers Used in mm
      4. Other Reserved Macro and String Names
      5. Sample Document

   3. Chapter 14 ms Macros

      1. Alphabetical Summary of ms Macros
      2. Number Registers for Page Layout
      3. Reserved Macro and String Names
      4. Reserved Number Register Names
      5. Sample Document

   4. Chapter 15 me Macros

      1. Alphabetical Summary of me Macros
      2. Predefined Strings
      3. Predefined Number Registers
      4. Sample Document

   5. Chapter 16 man Macros

      1. Alphabetical Summary of man Macros
      2. Predefined Strings
      3. Internal Names
      4. Sample Document

   6. Chapter 17 troff Preprocessors

      1. tbl
      2. eqn
      3. pic
      4. refer

4. Software Development

   1. Chapter 18 The Source Code Control System

      1. Introduction
      2. Overview of Commands
      3. Basic Operation
      4. Identification Keywords
      5. Data Keywords
      6. Alphabetical Summary of SCCS Commands
      7. sccs and Pseudo-Commands

   2. Chapter 19 The Revision Control System

      1. Overview of Commands
      2. Basic Operation
      3. General RCS Specifications
      4. Conversion Guide for SCCS Users
      5. Alphabetical Summary of Commands

   3. Chapter 20 The make Utility

      1. Conceptual Overview
      2. Command-Line Syntax
      3. Description File Lines
      4. Macros
      5. Special Target Names
      6. Writing Command Lines
      7. Sample Default Macros, Suffixes, and Rules

5. Appendixes

   1. Appendix A ASCII Character Set

   2. Appendix B Obsolete Commands

      1. Introduction
      2. Alphabetical Summary of Commands

   3. Bibliography

1. Colophon

Our look is the result of reader comments, our own experimentation, and feedback from distribution channels. Distinctive covers complement our distinctive approach to technical topics, breathing personality and life into potentially dry subjects. The animal featured on the cover of UNIX in a Nutshell is a tarsier, a nocturnal mammal related to the lemur. Its generic name, Tarsius, is derived from the animal's very long ankle bone, the tarsus. The tarsier is a native of the East Indies jungles from Sumatra to the Philippines and Sulawesi, where it lives in the trees, leaping from branch to branch with extreme agility and speed. A small animal, the tarsier's body is only six inches long, followed by a ten-inch tufted tail. It is covered in soft, brown or grey silky fur, has a round face, and huge eyes. Its arms and legs are long and slender as are its digits, which are tipped with rounded, fleshy pads to improve the tarsier's grip on trees. Tarsiers are active only at night, hiding during the day in the tangles of vines or in the tops of tall trees. They subsist mainly on insects, and though very curious animals, tend to be loners. Mary Anne Weeks Mayo was the production editor and copyeditor for UNIX in a Nutshell, Third Edition; Ellie Maden, Ellie Cutler, and Jane Ellin provided quality control. Maureen Dempsey, Colleen Gorman, and Kimo Carter provided production assistance. Lenny Muellner provided SGML support. Seth Maislin wrote the index.

Edie Freedman designed the cover of this book, using a 19th-century engraving from the Dover Pictorial Archive. The cover layout was produced by Kathleen Wilson with Quark XPress 3.32 using the ITC Garamond font. Whenever possible, our books use RepKover™, a durable and flexible lay-flat binding. If the page count exceeds RepKover's limit, perfect binding is used.

The inside layout was designed by Alicia Cech, based on a series design by Nancy Priest, and implemented in gtroff by Lenny Muellner. The text and heading fonts are ITC Garamond Light and Garamond Book. This colophon was written by Michael Kalantarian.